The eye is the
organ of sight. It is our most important organ for finding out about
the world around us. We use our eyes in almost everything we do,
reading, working, watching movies and television, playing games, and
countless other activities. Sight is our most precious sense, and many
people fear blindness
more than any
other disability. The
human eyeball measures only about 1 inch (25 millimeters) in diameter.
Yet the eye can see objects as far away as a star and as tiny as a
grain of sand. The eye can quickly adjust its focus between a distant
point and a near one. It can be accurately directed toward an object
even while the head is moving. The eye can see in bright light and in dim light, but it
cannot see in no light at all. Light rays enter the eye and travels to
the back (the retina) where the eye changes the light rays into
electrical signals. The signals are then sent to the brain, where they
are interpreted.
Next to the brain, the eye is one of the most
interesting organs of the body. This
chapter will prove this point as well as well as provide you with
enough information to intelligently assess an individual with visual
handicap as well as interpret the MIORS, decide the severity of the
disability, the diagnosis as well as write a plan and provide support.
Before we can talk about pathological
conditions, which may affect the vision, we must first talk about the
anatomy and physiology of the eye.
This will help in our understanding of the pathology which may
occur, and why exactly it occurs
